2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Improving drought tolerance through ear photosynthesis in wheat
| Project/Area Number |
19K05988
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39020:Crop production science-related
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 干ばつ抵抗性 / 穂光合成 / コムギ |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
To improve the drought tolerance of wheat, the mechanisms of ear photosynthetic ability under drought were investigated. Drought enhanced the relative importance of the ear photosynthesis for the grain yield as a photosynthetic source, and the contribution rate was about 20%, although there was significant G x E interaction. Under decline in leaf photosynthesis due to drought stress the ear photosynthesis could work as a compensatory function. It may be possible that not only atmospheric CO2 but also CO2 from the of grains respiration was considered as the potential CO2 source for ear photosynthesis. It was absorbed from the stomata inside the palea so that the ear could maintain photosynthesis. These could be considered a mechanism by which the ears could maintain relatively high photosynthesis even if the stomata were closed to avoid plant dehydration under drought environments.
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| Free Research Field |
作物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究により，食用コムギであるパンコムギ（6倍体）およびマカロニコムギ（4倍体）のいずれの種においても，穂の光合成は干ばつ下の子実収量に大きく貢献する事が示された．また干ばつ下における穂光合成メカニズムおよび葉光合成との関係性を示唆する事ができた．これらの知見により，穂の光合成を通じてコムギの干ばつ抵抗性をさらに改善されることが大いに期待できる．これは，世界の食糧問題に資する上で大きな社会的意義がある．
また，本研究で作成した穂光合成を直接評価可能なチャンバーにより，穂光合成能力の評価をより詳細に行う事が可能となった．これは，今後の穂光合成の研究を進めるうえで非常に大きな学術的意義がある．
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