2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Research on the function and molecular structure of expansins involved in fruit softening.
| Project/Area Number |
19K06023
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39030:Horticultural science-related
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| Research Institution | Kindai University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 果実軟化 / 細胞壁 / 糖加水分解酵素 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
PpEXP1 from peach fruit has been clarified to be deeply involved in the softening of peach fruit, but the details have not been clarified. In this study, we found that PpEXP1 has hydrolytic activity against cellulose. Furthermore, when cellooligosaccharides were used as substrates, PpEXP1 hydrolyzed cellopentaose to cellobiose and cellotriose, and cellohexasaose to cellobiose and cellotetraose, while it showed no hydrolytic activity for cellobiose to cellotetraose.
Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) was also used to clarify the structural change of the cell wall as a structural change of the polymeric structure in fruit softening. The structural changes in the cell wall were observed, and the involvement of PpEXP1 was also clarified.
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| Free Research Field |
園芸利用学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
モモ果実の軟化は，エクスパンシンという糖加水分解酵素が深く関係していることを明らかにした．このエクスパンシンは，モモ果実内のセルロースを規則的に分解しており，成熟に伴いセルロースが分解されることにより柔らかくなっていくことを明らかにしたものです．
また，モモ果実の内部の構造をX線で観察したところ，内部の繊維にそって構造が変化することが観察できた．これらの結果から，モモ果実の軟化は果実内部の繊維にそってセルロースが分解されることで起こることを明らかにすることができた．
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