2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Recover of genetic information from old bird specimens: applications of bird specimens to its conservation
| Project/Area Number |
19K06099
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 39060:Conservation of biological resources-related
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University (2021)
National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo (2019-2020) |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 博物館 / 標本 / 遺伝解析 / ミュゼオミクス / 保全 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Phasianidae birds have been released for resource conservation of hunting since the early 20-century in Japan. Releasing birds may have disturbed the original genetic structure of the birds. In this study, we attempted to reveal the change of genetic diversity over time by comparing the genetic information of an approximately 90 year-old specimen of the species with that of an extant population. A part of mitochondrial DNA was analyzed. The population about 90 years ago had specific haplotypes in each region. In contrast, modern populations tended to share haplotypes between distant regions. The release of birds would lead to this change in the past. In the future, more detailed analysis will be conducted to propose effective conservation management of the bird.
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| Free Research Field |
保全生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
国内の博物館には生物標本が数百万点保管されている。標本には形態情報や生息地情報など18世紀後半以降の日本の生物多様性情報が記録されている。しかし、DNA溶液の保存といった遺伝情報の蓄積が充実しはじめたのは21世紀以降であり、それ以前の標本では遺伝情報が欠落している状態である。本研究では、過去と現在の遺伝情報を比較することで時間経過における遺伝的多様性の変遷を明らかにした。本研究の成果は、標本を活用した生物多様性保全に貢献するとともに、生物多様性保全において標本の収集と保管管理の重要性を示した。
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