Establishment of fundamental research for polyploidy breeding in the bladed Bangiales: exploration and characteristics of the polyploid hybrids

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K06184
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 40030:Aquatic bioproduction science-related
• Research Institution: Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology
• Principal Investigator: Niwa Kyosuke 東京海洋大学, 学術研究院, 准教授 (70463429)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: ノリ / スサビノリ / アサクサノリ / 隠蔽種 / 異質倍数体 / 倍数性育種 / 種分化 / 分類

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Nine species of the bladed Bangiales were distributed in Kanto and Tohoku regions based on morphological and molecular analyses. The results of culture experiments and nuclear DNA marker analyses suggested that allopolyploids derived from interspecific hybridization between Neopyropia yezoensis and Neopyropia tenera extensively grow in eastern Japan. Among the native habitats, N. yezoensis, N. tenera and their allopolyploids were detected in a habitat. Furthermore, we could isolate the allopolyploid strains that exhibited superior characteristics for nori cultivation.

Free Research Field

水圏生産科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

東日本における野生ノリの分布状況を明らかにし、日本新産種の発見も行った。また、本研究によりアマノリ属でも異質倍数化による同所的種分化が起きていることも推測され、ノリの分類および種分化研究を発展させる新たな知見が得られた。また、分離した異質倍数体株の中でノリ養殖にとって有用形質を持つ優良株も見つかったことから、ノリの品種開発を進めるうえで種間交雑による倍数性育種の重要性を明らかにした。