2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
A chromosome-level assembly of somatic and germline genomes in a Japanese hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri
| Project/Area Number |
19K06783
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 45010:Genetics-related
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| Research Institution | Toho University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
後藤 友二 東邦大学, 理学部, 教授 (70362522)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | ヌタウナギ / ゲノム再編成 / 染色体放出 / DNA鎖内部欠失 / 染色体末端切除 / 染色体レベルゲノム配列構築 / Hi-C解析 / NGSデータ |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
It is known that chromosome elimination (referred to as Programmed Genome Rearrangement; PGR) occurs in hagfish species (Agnatha). In inshore hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri, 16 chromosomes have been lost in somatic cells (2n = 36), which is equivalent to approx. 21% of the genomic DNA in germ cells (2n = 52). A previous study using the next-generation sequencing technology showed a possibility that the eliminated genome (E genome) may contain many regions of Internal DNA deletion (ID) in this species. In this study, using the Hi-C sequencing analysis, whole DNA sequences of somatic and germline genomes were determined and also a chromosome-level assembly of all somatic chromosomes (2n = 36) and homologous chromosomes in germ cells were constructed completeｌy. By the comparative analysis of the 18 chromosome-level scaffolds deduced several ID regions including the terminal and internal deletion. The data will serve as a valuable genetic information of the biological significance of PGR.
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| Free Research Field |
ゲノム科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
ヌタウナギの染色体放出では、これまでは16本のヘテロクロマチンから成る「染色体を丸ごと失う」単純な様式しか想定されていなかったが、今回はじめて想定外の「DNA鎖内部領域の欠失・再結合」(ID）の領域を18本のユークロマチンからなる染色体からの検出に成功した。これはヌタウナギの染色体放出の抜本的な理解の進展に留まらず、すべてのPGRを行う真核生物は皆同様の機構を共有している可能性を強く示唆している。PGRは、一部の生物種にしか観察されないとはいえ、動物界に広く分布しており、また生殖細胞系列と体細胞系列の分化に直結する普遍的な現象であるため、今後この機構のより深い解析が望まれる。
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