Elucidation of genetic differentiation process of a parasitic plant, Phacellanthus tubiflorus, through changes of host and reproduction mode

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K06816
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 45030:Biodiversity and systematics-related
• Research Institution: Museum of Natural and Environmental History, Shizuoka
• Principal Investigator: Hayakawa Hiroshi ふじのくに地球環境史ミュージアム, 学芸課, 准教授 (80783828)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 末次 健司 神戸大学, 理学研究科, 准教授 (70748839)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 寄生植物 / キヨスミウツボ / MIG-Seq / 倍数性

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Results of analyses of MIG-Seq and Flow Cytometry showed that Phacellanthus tubiflorus tended to be genetically divided into three clades. Each clade of P. tubiflorus corresponded to the polyploidy, i.e., diploid, triplople, and tetraploploid, rather than a regionality derived from geographic distance. According to previous reports (Nakanishi et al. 2006), it has been thought that triploids of P. tubiflorus are generated by hybridization between diploids and tetraploploids. However, from the distribution with the results of MIG-Seq, it was found that triploploids of P. tubiflorus were at least not the F1 hybrids of them. These facts suggest that diploids, triploploids, and tetraploploids of P. tubiflorus may each begin to speciate as their own lineage.

Free Research Field

植物分類学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

植物でありながら光合成能力を喪失して他の植物から栄養を得るという寄生植物における進化や種分化のパターンとプロセスは，多くの生態学者，進化生物学者が興味を惹いてきたテーマである。これを明らかにするためには，対象の寄生植物とその近縁種を比較する比較生物学的な方法が考えられる。しかしながら別種間の比較では，系統的に離れていることから正確な進化の過程を追うことは難しい。一方，キヨスミウツボは今まさに種分化を生じつつあると考えられることから，同種内の変異（極めて近い過去に起こった変異）に着目することで，系統学的に離れた植物間の比較解析では得られない強固なロジックを導き出すことができると期待される。