2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Functional analysis of neural stem cells in the medulla oblongata
Project/Area Number |
19K06921
|
Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
|
Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 46020:Anatomy and histopathology of nervous system-related
|
Research Institution | Kyoto Institute of Technology |
Principal Investigator |
MIYATA SEIJI 京都工芸繊維大学, 応用生物学系, 教授 (30243124)
|
Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
|
Keywords | 神経幹細胞 / 脳 / 延髄 / 再生 / 分化 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
It has been believed for long time that neural stem cells (NSCs) never exist in adult mammalian brains. During the last two decades, the presence of NSCs are demonstrated in the subgranular zone and subventricular zone. NSCs have specific functions in each brain regions and inhibition of NSC proliferation results in various brain-associated diseases. NSCs are able to supply new neurons and glial cells to repair damaged brain areas. The present study demonstrated the fundamental property of astrocyte-like and tanycyte-like NSCs in the medulla oblongata. Moreover, proliferation of NSCs was changed by chronic running, treatment of corticosterone or leptin, and their proliferation was increased by medullary hemorrhage.
|
Free Research Field |
脳神経科学
|
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
成体脳の延髄には神経幹細胞が存在していないと考えられてきたが、申請者は延髄にも神経幹細胞が存在することを発見した。しかし、延髄における神経幹細胞については、その存在がようやく明らかにされたばかりで国内だけでなく世界でも機能解析についての研究報告は皆無に等しい。よって、本研究は延髄においても神経新生が生じ、生命維持に必須の役割を果たしていることを明らかにしようとするもので、世界レベルで新たな潮流を作りだす可能性がある。
|