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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of the function of novel actin-binding factors in neutrophil phagocytosis and extracellular trap formation

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K07084
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 47030:Pharmaceutical hygiene and biochemistry-related
Research InstitutionOkayama University

Principal Investigator

ABE TADASHI  岡山大学, 医学部, 技術専門員 (60423282)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 竹居 孝二  岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 教授 (40322226)
山田 浩司  岡山大学, 医歯薬学域, 准教授 (80325092)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords細胞外トラップ / ダイナミン / アクチン
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Neutrophils play an essential role in the destruction of bacteria in innate immune system. In the process of killing pathogens, neutrophils drastically change their cell shape with accompanying the rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton. We found that expressing dynamin 2 K562E mutant, one of the pathogenic mutations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in cells leads to aberrant actin clusters and stress fibers. The effect of this mutant on actin fibers was analyzed in vitro. Recombinant dynamin 2 K562E showed lower self-assembly ability and membrane binding ability than that of dynamin 2 wildtype. Although dynamin K562E directly bundled actin filaments, the formed bundles showed much less ability to bind to the lipid membranes as compared to dynamin 2 wildtype. In conclusion, dynamin 2-mediated interactions between actin and membranes are critical for actin bundle formation in neutrophil functions.

Free Research Field

生化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

好中球は細胞膜とアクチン骨格をダイナミックに再構成し、形態を変化させて体内に侵入した細菌の殺菌行動に備える。次いで貪食するか、細胞外に放出したクロマチン網で細菌を捕らえ殺菌する。このクロマチン網は、細胞外トラップと呼ばれ、強力な殺菌手段である。最近、細胞外トラップが自己免疫疾患、がん転移、血栓の過形成への関与が報告され、その形成制御が課題である。本研究は、好中球の貪食及び細胞外トラップ形成に関わる細胞膜とアクチン骨格の再構成機構を解析する研究である。得られる知見は、好中球の殺菌機構の解明のみならず、近年明らかになった好中球細胞トラップ由来の数々の炎症の治療戦略に大きく寄与すると考えられる。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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