2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Establishment of the drug discovery research for pruritus treatments targeting neurotransmitter pathways
Project/Area Number |
19K07104
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 47040:Pharmacology-related
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Research Institution | Kitasato University |
Principal Investigator |
Tanabe Misuo 北里大学, 薬学部, 教授 (20360026)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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Keywords | 掻痒 / KCNQチャネル / 抑制性 / 疼痛 / 脊髄 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we used mouse neck, cheek, and calf models to investigate whether the KCNQ channel opener retigabine suppresses histamine-dependent and -independent acute pruritus. Especially in the calf model, injection of retigabine to the lumbar spinal cord, where peripheral itch signals are transmitted in this model, suppressed the biting behavior reflecting itching, indicating that the spinal cord is an important antipruritic site of action of retigabine. However, this antipruritic effect of retigabine was not antagonized by the KCNQ channel blocker XE-991, suggesting that retigabine exhibits antipruritic effects independent of KCNQ channel opening.
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Free Research Field |
神経薬理学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
掻痒治療では、従来から皮膚病変や免疫機能異常に焦点を当てた治療が行われてきたが、既存薬に抵抗性を示す難治性掻痒が存在する。慢性掻痒は、アトピー性皮膚炎や慢性腎肝疾患など抗ヒスタミン薬抵抗性の難治性疾患である。近年、痒みを伝達する神経機構の解明が急速に進み、脊髄後角での痒み特異的経路の存在が明らかになっている。痒みも痛みと同様に慢性化には神経の可塑的変化が重要であることから、中枢神経を標的とした鎮痛薬が鎮痒作用も併せ持つ可能性がある。脊髄後角を作用点とする鎮痒薬は今までにない新しい機序の掻痒治療薬となる可能性がある。
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