2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Construction of diagnostic model of cholangiocarcinoma targeting of miRNA and lncRNA of cytological samples

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K07415
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 49020:Human pathology-related
Research Institution	Hiroshima University
Principal Investigator	Arihiro Koji 広島大学, 病院(医), 教授 (70232064)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	城間紀之広島大学, 病院(医), 助教 (30634927) 織田麻琴広島大学, 病院(医), 歯科診療医 (50814331) 内畠由加里広島大学, 病院(医), 臨床検査技師 (60816338) 鈴木賢一基礎生物学研究所, 新規モデル生物開発センター, 特任准教授 (90363043) 石田克成広島大学, 病院診療支援部, 部門長 (80769894)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	肝外胆管癌 / 胆管擦過細胞診 / 胆汁細胞診 / microRNA / qRT-PCR法 / 定量的解析
Outline of Final Research Achievements	This study aimed to develop reliable biomarkers that improve the ability of bile cytology to diagnose cholangiocarcinoma versus benign biliary lesions.We analyzed the expression of five tumor-associated miRNAs (miR-31-5p, miR-122-5p, miR-378d, miR-182-5p, and miR-92a-3p) in cytology samples using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. We collected 52 surgically resected tissue samples, 84 cytological specimens from smears (53 cases of cancer and 31 cases of non-cancer), and 40 residual sediments after smearing for routine cytology.The expression of miR-31-5p, miR-378d, and miR-122-5p was significantly higher in cancer tissues than those in normal tissues, while miR-182-5p expression was lower. The expression of miR-31-5p, miR-378d, miR-182-5p, and miR-92a-3p was significantly higher in detached cell samples from smears of cholangiocarcinoma cases than in those from non-cancer cases.
Free Research Field	外科病理
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	良性疾患の患者と比較して肝外胆管癌患者の胆汁細胞診検体で、複数のmicroRNAの発現レベルが高いことを明らかにした。また胆管細胞診標本の補助判定としてmicroRNAの発現を解析し、miR-182-5pの発現が細胞診でAtypicalと診断された悪性例と良性例を区別できることを示した。胆汁細胞診標本におけるmicroRNAの定量的解析は、客観的な診断補助として有用である。