2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Analyses of micronucleus formation and cytosolic DNA sensing system for the diagnosis of adult soft tissue sarcoma
Project/Area Number |
19K07429
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Section | 一般 |
Review Section |
Basic Section 49020:Human pathology-related
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Research Institution | Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital (Clinical research laboratory) |
Principal Investigator |
Motoi Toru 東京都立駒込病院(臨床研究室), 病理科, 医長 (50291315)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
山田 倫 東京都立駒込病院(臨床研究室), 病理科, その他 (90812818)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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Keywords | 肉腫 / 染色体不安定性 / 微小核 / cGAS / STING / オートファジー |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Soft tissue sarcoma with a complex karyotype (STS) is a group of malignant tumors that affects elderly patients and shows poor prognosis. It is characterized by chromosomal instability (CIN), which causes chromosome missegregation and micronucleus formation. CIN activates the cGAS-STING pathway, an intracytoplasmic DNA sensing system, at micronuclei. It induces tumor metastasis, invasion, autophagy, and immune response. In this study, we analyzed micronuclei and cGAS-STING pathway status in STSs. As a result, cGAS was specifically positive in a subset of micronuclei, suggesting its diagnostic utility. STSs after radiation therapy showed an increase in number and changes in the quality of micronuclei. In addition, nucleophagy may be disturbed at micronuclei of STSs.
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Free Research Field |
人体病理学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
希少がんの一種である肉腫の中には高齢者に多く、悪性度の高いグループがあり、染色体が不安定性を特徴とする。このグループは他の腫瘍に比べて診断、予後推定、治療法の開発が進んでおらず新たなアプローチでの研究開発が必要である。染色体が不安定になると細胞分裂時に染色体の分配異常が起こり、余分な小核(微小核)ができる。小核が壊れると細胞質内にDNAが漏れ出し、細胞質内DNA感知システムであるcGAS-STING経路が作動し、免疫応答や腫瘍の浸潤、転移、自食現象(オートファジー)が誘導される。本研究では微小核の性質や数、cGAS-STING経路、自食現象に注目し、新たなな視点から肉腫を解析している。
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