2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Study on cytological diagnosis of mesothelioma: Application of genetic alterations to pathological diagnosis system
| Project/Area Number |
19K07451
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 49020:Human pathology-related
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| Research Institution | Fukuoka University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
濱崎 慎 福岡大学, 医学部, 准教授 (90412600)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | mesothelioma / BAP1 / MTAP / CDKN2A/p16 / NF2 / FISH / cytology |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
About 80% of pleural mesothelioma (PM) start with pleural effusions, and thus detection of tumor cells by effusion cytology is important. However, discriminating PM cells from reactive mesothelial cells (RMC) is sometimes challenging. This study revealed that application of genomic-based ancillary assays to effusion cytology (cell blocks) enables to determine neoplastic nature of PM cells, which distinguishes PM cells from RMC. Moreover, application of FISH assays increases sensitivity of discrimination of PM cells from RMC.
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| Free Research Field |
外科病理
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究にて、中皮腫の遺伝子変異に基づいたアッセイ（BAP1免染、MTAP免染、CDKN2A/p16 FISH）は組織標本のみならず細胞診標本（セルブロック）にも応用可能で、特にその併用（組み合わせ）によって高率に、対象となる中皮細胞の腫瘍性を示すことが明らかとなった。更にNF2 FISHを組み合わせると特異度100％はそのままに100％近い診断感度をもたらすことができる。高齢者における中皮腫発生が増え、免疫チェックポイント阻害薬併用による治療が第一選択となることを考慮すると、この細胞診による診断の学術的・社会的意義は大きい。
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