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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Identification of anti-inflammatory omega-3 lipid metabolites for the amerioration of diabetes

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K07617
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 49070:Immunology-related
Research InstitutionNational Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition

Principal Investigator

Nagatake Takahiro  国立研究開発法人医薬基盤・健康・栄養研究所, 医薬基盤研究所 ワクチン・アジュバント研究センター, 主任研究員 (80608737)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywordsω3脂肪酸 / 代謝 / 糖尿病 / 腸内細菌 / ポストバイオティクス / マクロファージ / 炎症
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Dietary ω3 fatty acids have important health benefits and exert their potent bioactivity through conversion to lipid mediators. Here, we demonstrate that microbiota play an essential role in the body’s use of dietary lipids for the control of diabetic inflammation. We found that αKetoA increased in the feces and serum of specific-pathogen-free, but not germ-free, mice when they were maintained on a linseed oil diet, which is high in α-linolenic acid. Administering αKetoA improved diabetic glucose intolerance by inhibiting adipose tissue inflammation and fibrosis through decreased macrophage infiltration in adipose tissues and altering macrophage M1/M2 polarization in mice fed a high-fat diet. These results indicate that αKetoA is a novel postbiotic derived from α-linolenic acid, which controls diabetes and may have potential for developing therapeutic drugs as well as probiotic food products.

Free Research Field

粘膜免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

一般に健康に良いとして知られるω3脂肪酸であるが、近年の研究により、身体の中で高活性代謝物に変換されることで生体調節機能を発揮することが示されている。そのため、個々の遺伝的背景による代謝酵素の活性の違いがω3脂肪酸摂取後の効果を左右することが示唆されてきた。さらに本研究により、腸内細菌もまた機能性代謝物への変換に重要な役割を果たすことが明らかになった。腸内細菌叢は個人差が大きいことでも知られる。そのため、個々の遺伝的背景や腸内細菌叢の違いに基づいて最適な栄養指導や医療を提供する個別化/層別化栄養・医療に向け、「食事-腸内細菌叢-代謝物-免疫制御」といった複数の要因を捉えることが重要である。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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