2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Detection of lymph node micrometastasis in rectal cancer

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	19K07735
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Review Section	Basic Section 50020:Tumor diagnostics and therapeutics-related
Research Institution	Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (2020-2021) Kumamoto University (2019)
Principal Investigator	HIYOSHI Yukiharu 公益財団法人がん研究会, 有明病院大腸外科, 副医長 (30573612)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	徳永竜馬熊本大学, 病院, 非常勤診療医師 (20594881) 清住雄希熊本大学, 病院, 非常勤診療医師 (30827324) 今村裕公益財団法人がん研究会, 有明病院消化器外科, 医長 (70583045) 宮本裕士熊本大学, 病院, 講師 (80551259)
Project Period (FY)	2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords	直腸癌 / リンパ節転移 / 微小転移 / OSNA / 放射線化学療法 / 手術 / CK19
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Lymph node micrometastasis in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative chemoratiotherapy was examined by OSNA (one-step nucleic acid amplification) method using resected lymph node samples. Lymph node positive rate with pathological examination and OSNA method was 24% (6/25) and 12% (3/25), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of OSNA method were 33% (2/6), 95% (18/19), 67% (2/3) and 82% (18/22), respectively. One patient with pathological node negative turned out to be node positive in OSNA method. The low sensitivity of OSNA method due to several problems (e.g. small sample scale) was major issue. We could not make any conclusion with regard to the utility of the OSNA method to detect lymph node micrometastasis in rectal cancer.
Free Research Field	大腸癌治療成績向上を目指した臨床、基礎研究
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	直腸癌術前放射線化学療法後のリンパ節微小転移の臨床的意義はいまだ不明である。その微小転移の検出法確立と臨床的意義を明らかにすることを目的とした本研究は、進行直腸癌の治療成績向上のために学術的に重要であると考えられる。研究結果では、微小転移検出におけるOSNA法の有用性を証明するに至らなかったが、他の手法も含め、対象症例数を増やして引き続き解析を行い、研究結果を公表し、社会的に貢献することを目指していく。