Cellular immunnogenesis in MOG antibody related encephalomyelitis

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K07953
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 52020:Neurology-related
• Research Institution: Tohoku University
• Principal Investigator: Misu Tatsuro 東北大学, 大学病院, 講師 (00396491)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 脱髄性疾患 / ミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖タンパク / 神経免疫学 / 多発性硬化症 / 視神経脊髄炎 / 抗原 / エピトープ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody associated disorders (MOGAD), it was revealed that the pathological features of MOGAD was the dominance of perivenous demyelinating lesions with infiltrations of CD4 positive T cells like acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). It was also revealed that the mechanisms of humoral immunity in MOGAD were different from those in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).
For cellular immunity in MOGAD, we studied the existence of antigen-specific T cells in MOGAD, which was done by peripheral blood T mononuclear cells were cultured with overlapping peptides of MOG and identified by flowcytometry. We revealed some antigen-specific T cells in MOGAD. These data suggested that both the humoral and cellular immunity were important in the pathogenesis of MOGAD.

Free Research Field

神経免疫学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

特定の自己免疫性疾患において自己抗体が明らかになることがあるが、背景免疫病態としての抗体産生に関わる細胞性免疫について検討した研究は皆無である。本研究は多発性硬化症類似の脱髄性疾患であるミエリンオリゴデンドロサイト糖蛋白質（MOG)抗体を有するMOG関連疾患において、特定の抗原エピトープ部位応答性のMOG特異的T細胞の存在を証明した初めての報告であり、病態解明によって新たな治療解明が期待される。