Sex differences in the neural basis of attention deficit altruism disorder: a multimodal MRI study.

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K08039
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 52030:Psychiatry-related
• Research Institution: National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (2021-2022); The University of Tokyo (2019-2020)
• Principal Investigator: Ishii-Takahashi Ayaka 国立研究開発法人国立精神・神経医療研究センター, 精神保健研究所 知的・発達障害研究部, 室長 (40609020)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: ADHD / 男女差 / MRI

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The boys and girls with ADHD (44 and 17 boys and 17 girls, respectively), and the typically developing children (14 and 19 boys and 19 girls, respectively) were scanned. 17 boys and 11 girls in the ADHD group who were not taking medication were imaged. T1 images, brain function images during movie viewing, and resting functional MRI were taken, respectively. In addition to ADHD symptoms and measures of problem behavior, measures of emotional regulation, attachment, social support, and quality of life were also assessed. We also conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the Mock Scanner-based preparation for high-quality MRI imaging of children, and published a paper on the results.

Free Research Field

Child Psychiatry

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

MRIを用いたADHDの男女差を検討した研究はまだ多くなく本研究において脳構造と脳機能の撮像を終え、ADHD女児と男児における脳回路結合の脆弱性を明らかにするため、問題のメカニズムをより包括的に解明できる。ADHD児を対象として定型発達女児との 客観的指標を開発することにより、適切な時期に適切な診断と治療を行えるようになる可能性があり、臨床的意義が大きい。また、MRI撮像の難しい児童の準備について、メタアナリシスでモックスキャナーの有効性を示したことで、適切な準備を行うためのエビデンス構築に寄与した。