Multiparameter analysis of tumor response to anti-PD-1 therapy with integrated PET/MRI in lung cancer

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K08119
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 52040:Radiological sciences-related
• Research Institution: University of Fukui
• Principal Investigator: Umeda Yukihiro 福井大学, 学術研究院医学系部門(附属病院部), 講師 (80401975)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 石塚 全 福井大学, 学術研究院医学系部門, 教授 (50302477) ; 岡沢 秀彦 福井大学, 高エネルギー医学研究センター, 教授 (50360813)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: FLT-PET / 非小細胞肺がん / 免疫治療

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) therapy has shown clinical success in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is difficult to evaluate the early response to anti-PD-1 therapy. We determined whether changes in 3′-deoxy-3′- [18F]-fluorothymidine (18F-FLT) PET parameters before and soon after treatment initiation predicted the therapeutic effect of anti-PD-1 antibody.
Patients with non-progressive disease (non-PD) had significantly decreased TLP at 2 weeks, and decreased SUVmax, PTV, and TLP at 6 weeks, compared to those with PD. Changes in 18F-FLT PET parameters may have value as an early predictive biomarker for the response to anti-PD-1 therapy in patients with NSCLC. However, it should be noted that pseudoprogression was observed in 18F-FLT PET imaging at 2 weeks after treatment initiation.

Free Research Field

肺癌の治療効果予測バイオマーカー

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

治療2週後でのFLT集積の変化は、その後の治療効果を中程度予測した。しかし、奏効した患者の37.5％にproliferative pseudoprogressionが認められた。治療6週後の18F-FLT集積の変化は、より強くその後の治療効果と関連した。PD-1抗体による炎症細胞の増殖の程度を測定することで、診断精度を高められる可能性がある。