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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of the novel target therapy for leukemia with FLT3 mutations, using genetically modified FLT3-mutation knock-in human myeloid leukemia cells

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K08825
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 54010:Hematology and medical oncology-related
Research InstitutionAichi Medical University

Principal Investigator

Hanamura Ichiro  愛知医科大学, 医学部, 教授 (70440740)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 太田 明伸  愛知医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (30438048)
シバスンダラン カルナン  愛知医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (30557096)
鈴木 進  愛知医科大学, 公私立大学の部局等, 准教授 (70518422)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
KeywordsFLT3 / CD52 / 白血病 / CRISPR-cas9 / ゲノム編集 / アレムツズマブ / ITD
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Patients with acute myeloid leukemia having mutations in the FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) gene are highly refractory to conventional chemotherapy. Recently developed FLT3 kinase inhibitors are clinically active; however, the treatment effect remains unsatisfactory. In this study, we generated genetically modified FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplication) knock-in human myeloid leukemia K562 cells and investigated alternative therapies for the FLT3-mutated myeloid leukemia. We found that K562-FLT3-ITD cells showed increased expression of CD52 compared to K562-FLT3-wild type (WT) cells. Notably, an anti-CD52 antibody, alemtuzumab, induced significant ADCC in K562-FLT3-ITD cells compared to K562-FLT3-WT cells. In addition, alemtuzumab significantly suppressed the xenograft tumor growth of K562-FLT3-ITD cells in mice. Our findings may allow establishment of an alternative therapeutic option, alemtuzumab, to treat leukemia with FLT3 mutations.

Free Research Field

血液内科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

遺伝子改変細胞を利用した細胞実験では、遺伝子過剰発現系の細胞実験と比較して、変異遺伝子の機能を正確に解析できる。
本研究成果の学術的意義は、FLT3変異改変細胞を利用すれば、FLT3変異白血病の新規の分子病態や候補治療薬の発見が可能であることを示せたことである。本研究成果をもとに、FLT3変異白血病に対するアレムツズマブの臨床治験が実施され、適応拡大にいたれば、患者の予後改善に直結するため、本研究成果の社会的意義は大きい。既認可薬であるアレムツズマブの有害事象は想定範囲内である。また、アレムツズマブは、既存の抗がん剤やFLT3阻害剤と抗腫瘍機序が異なるため、併用薬としても期待できる。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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