Intracranial aneurysm rupture prevention using dental pulp stem cells

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K09411
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 55060:Emergency medicine-related
• Research Institution: Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
• Principal Investigator: Makino Hiroshi 浜松医科大学, 医学部附属病院, 講師 (10397408)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 脳動脈瘤破裂予防法 / マウス脳動脈瘤モデル / 歯髄幹細胞

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Currently, unruptured cerebral aneurysms are treated by invasive surgical therapy, and a method for preventing cerebral aneurysm rupture by a more non-invasive pharmacological technique is awaited. Since we have clarified in the past that suppressing inflammation prevents cerebral aneurysm rupture, we thought that dental pulp stem cells, which have anti-inflammatory reactions, may affect preventing cerebral aneurysm rupture.
When dental pulp stem cells were administered intravenously to mice in which cerebral aneurysms had been induced, rupture of the cerebral aneurysms was suppressed more significantly in the group administered dental pulp stem cells than in the control group. However, due to the stagnation of drug supply due to the corona pandemic and the decrease in time devoted to research due to the increased clinical burden, the analysis of the mechanism has not progressed, and research is still being carried out.

Free Research Field

麻酔・蘇生学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

脳動脈瘤の破裂が最大の原因であるくも膜下出血は、1/3の患者が死亡、社旗復帰率1/3という重篤な疾患である。近年画像診断技術の向上に伴い、未破裂脳動脈瘤が脳ドックなどで発見されることが増えてきたが、治療においては開頭クリッピング術や、コイリングによる塞栓術などの侵襲的な手術療法が主体であり、より低侵襲な薬物による脳動脈瘤治療が待たれている。
本研究は、歯由来の歯髄幹細胞を用いることで、非侵襲的に脳動脈瘤破裂予防を図るものである。歯髄幹細胞は乳歯から得ることができ、また凍結保存しておくことで長期に保存も可能であるため、本人の細胞由来の幹細胞を用いた脳動脈瘤破裂予防法に道を開く研究であると言える。