Development of Methods for Selective Proliferation of Highly Functional Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Applications to Tissue Enrichment and Angiogenesis Treatments

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K10033
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Review Section: Basic Section 56070:Plastic and reconstructive surgery-related
• Research Institution: Jichi Medical University
• Principal Investigator: SHIRADO TAKAKO 自治医科大学, 医学部, ポスト・ドクター (50790391)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 高機能間葉系幹細胞 / 選択培養 / ヒト脂肪組織由来幹細胞 / 再生医療

Outline of Final Research Achievements

By applying stress (high temperature, low pH, enzyme, low osmotic pressure, mechanical stress) to human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs) during the culture process, we were able to concentrate highly functional mesenchymal stem cells containing pluripotency including Muse cells. In addition, when hASCs were adhered using microspheres of polystyrene beads or collagen beads as scaffolds and cultured under microgravity by stirring, many cells expressed pluripotent marker genes compared to statically cultured hASCs. It was revealed that such cell populations show high differentiation potential in adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and chondrogenesis.

Free Research Field

再生医学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

脂肪組織中に含まれる脂肪幹細胞は入手のしやすさ、安全性の高さなどから形成外科領域の疾患においても慢性下肢虚血、放射線障害組織、瘢痕拘縮組織、自己免疫性疾患など様々な難治性疾患の質的・機能的改善にその適応が拡大されつつある。脂肪幹細胞は均一な細胞集団ではなく、その中にはわずかながら高度な分化能を示す未分化細胞が含まれており、未分化状態を維持したまま選択的に大量培養することはこれまで困難であった。本研究によりそれが可能になることで、これまで根本的な治療法がなかった糖尿病および糖尿病性腎症などに起因する重症下肢虚血などの治療法の開発につながることが期待される。