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2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Treatment development and elucidation of mechanism for radiation-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw with exosomes

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K10264
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Section一般
Review Section Basic Section 57060:Surgical dentistry-related
Research InstitutionNagoya University

Principal Investigator

Okabe Kazuto  名古屋大学, 医学系研究科, 助教 (50801453)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 酒井 陽  名古屋大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (80772425)
Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
Keywords放射線性顎骨壊死 / エクソソーム / 歯髄幹細胞
Outline of Final Research Achievements

The purpose of this study was to develop a new treatment for radiation-induced osteonecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ), an intractable disease, using exosomes isolated from human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs-EVs), and to clarify the pathogenesis of ORNJ. In cell experiments, we confirmed that co-culture with DPSCs-EVs promoted the proliferative ability of irradiated cells and inhibited cellular senescence. Based on these results, we moved on to animal experiments. Irradiated rats do not heal after tooth extraction and develop ORNJ. On the other hand, administration of DPSCs-EVs before tooth extraction promoted normal healing, suggesting that DPSCs-EVs may be a treatment for ORNJ and that cellular senescence may be a factor in its development.

Free Research Field

口腔外科

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

放射線治療は頭頸部がんに対して高い治療効果を有し、機能や形態の温存の観点から選択されることは日常臨床において少なくない。その反面、様々な有害事象を患者にもたらす。中でも、放射線性顎骨壊死は治療法が確立しておらず、対応に苦慮し、顎骨切除を余儀なくされることが少なくない。その場合、摂食障害や発音障害、審美障害をもたらし、著しくQOLを低下させる。本研究では、DPSCsから単離したエクソソームの投与によりORNJの発症を抑制することを明らかにした。更なるエクソソームの解析により発症機序の解明や創薬へと引き継ぐことが可能となり、本研究は学術的ならびに社会的意義を有するものと考えられた。

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Published: 2023-01-30  

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