2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Evaluation, practice and support system of oral care of elderly people at home by cooperation between dentistry and nurses
| Project/Area Number |
19K11164
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 58080:Gerontological nursing and community health nursing-related
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| Research Institution | University of Yamanashi |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
田辺 文憲 山梨大学, 大学院総合研究部, 教授 (80217108)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 口腔ケア / 通所介護 / 短期入所生活介護 / 歯科との連携 / 口腔細菌 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this study, we introduced dental checkup for the elderly requiring home-based support and care who use outpatient nursing care services or short-stay nursing care services facilities. Based on the evaluation results, a dentist, dental hygienists, nurses, oral care professionals collaborated to create oral care plans tailored to each individual subjects, and provided and guided oral care. When the number of oral bacteria and changes in oral hygiene before and after oral care intervention were evaluated, the number of general bacteria on the back of the tongue decreased significantly, and O'Leary’s Plaque Control Record (PCR), Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), and Japanese version of the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT-J) significantly improved. The results suggest that the cooperation between dentistry and nursing may lead to the prevention of pneumonia and the improvement of oral hygiene in the elderly requiring support and nursing care.
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| Free Research Field |
高齢者看護学および地域看護学関連
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
肺炎と誤嚥性肺炎は高齢者の死亡原因の上位をしめ、今後も予防すべき疾患である。口腔ケアは、口腔衛生状況を改善し誤嚥性肺炎を予防する方法の一つである。在宅生活を基盤とした通所介護・短期入所生活介護を利用する高齢者の口腔状況や口腔ケアの実態調査はあるが、歯科と看護が連携した実践に関する研究はない。
本研究で、歯科と連携した口腔ケアを通所介護・短期入所生活介護施設で実施し、口腔衛生状況・口腔ケアの実施状況に改善が見られた。通所介護・短期入所生活介護施設に歯科と連携した口腔ケアに関する指導・ケアが入ることは、在宅要介護高齢者が誤嚥性肺炎を予防し在宅での生活を続けるために意義のあることであると考える。
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