2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of the effects of unbalanced diet on both ingestive behavior and oral-gut-brain circuit starting from taste sensors
| Project/Area Number |
19K11754
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 59040:Nutrition science and health science-related
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| Research Institution | Asahi University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
諏訪部 武 朝日大学, 歯学部, 准教授 (00610312)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 偏食 / 味覚センサー / 摂食行動 / 食欲不振 / 迷走神経切断 / 香料 / 膝神経節 / 三叉神経節 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
We conducted the studies using the animals fed unbalanced diet. The results in animals fed vitamin C (VC)-free diet showed that licking rates for sour taste solutions were significantly increased, but no change in the expression levels of sour taste receptors in taste cells, in the expression levels of taste sensor-related molecules in the geniculate and trigeminal ganglion, and in the number of intestinal tuft cells. Our results also showed that the VC intake behavior during VC deficiency may not depend on the experience of ingesting VC before deficiency or on the memory of flavors, and may occurs even when the visceral vagus nerve is severed. On the other hand, some taste sensor-expressing cells in the digestive tract may be altered in animals fed high-fat diets. These results suggest that some taste sensor-expressing cells are altered by an unbalanced diet, and that ingestive behaviors are altered, but that these changes may differ depending on which nutrients are unbalanced.
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| Free Research Field |
口腔生理学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
学術的意義：偏食（微量栄養素欠乏飼料や高脂肪飼料の摂取）が口腔脳腸連関の起点となっている味覚センサー発現細胞の一部や摂食行動に影響を与える可能性があることを遺伝的アスコルビン酸（ビタミンC）合成不能ラット等で示せたことから、「健康状態は、遺伝子型と食習慣や運動など生活環境の相互作用によって決まる」という「ニュートリゲノミクス」の考えと一致する成果を得ることができたと考えられる。
社会的意義：超高齢社会におけるオーダーメイド医療や栄養サポートチームの活動の発展、高齢者のフレイル対策や生活習慣病の予防対策、味覚障害や食欲不振の原因解明や機能性食品の開発に繋がる知見を得ることができたと考えられる。
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