2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Unveiling non-equilibrium thermodynamics via statistical estimation theory
| Project/Area Number |
19K12153
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 61040:Soft computing-related
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| Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 推定理論 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Recently, it was discovered that a universal inequality called the thermodynamic uncertainty relation holds in stochastic thermodynamics. This inequality is an inequality between "cost" and "quality," indicating that high cost is necessary for high quality. There are many such trade-off relations in statistical estimation theory, including the Cramer-Rao inequality. In this study, we focus on the similarity between the inequalities in nonequilibrium thermodynamics and statistical estimation, and clarify the equations in nonequilibrium systems from the viewpoint of statistical estimation. By using classical and quantum estimation theory, we derived new thermodynamic uncertainty relations in classical and quantum systems.
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| Free Research Field |
非平衡熱力学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
本研究成果によって，任意の開放量子系における熱力学不確定性関係が初めて導出された．熱力学不確定性関係は与えられた熱力学コストで，最も高い精度を与える量子熱機関を理論的に導出することができるため，最も効率的な量子デバイスの設計原理が明らかとなる．また，量子熱力学不確定性関係が明らかになることで，観測データのみからその量子熱機関がどれだけのエネルギーを消費しているかを推定することができるようになる．
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