2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Dynamic property of neural activities and contextual effects generated by functional construction of visual cortex
| Project/Area Number |
19K12743
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 90030:Cognitive science-related
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Technology(KOSEN),Numazu College |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
田中 繁 電気通信大学, 脳・医工学研究センター, 特任教授 (70281706)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
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| Keywords | primary visual cortex / self-organization / neural dynamics / length tuning / contrast-response / self-organization / Gestalt psychology / figure-ground separation |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In the cat primary visual cortex, almost all neurons are orientation selective and preferred orientations are arranged regularly along the cortical surface. In contrast, the rodent has salt-and-pepper-like orientation manner, and neurons unresponsive to oriented stimuli coexist with orientations selective neurons. In order to elucidate how the structure of orientation representation affects neuronal response properties, we performed computer simulations of the dynamics of neural networks composed of leaky integrate-and-fire units that receive the self-organized thalamo-cortical inputs. In the simulations, we employed sinusoidal grating patches as visual stimuli, and changed the luminance contrast and length of the grating patches along the stimulus orientations. The simulation results suggest that the regularity of orientation representation contributes to the emergence of orientation-selective neurons with a wide dynamic range of luminance contrast.
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| Free Research Field |
脳神経科学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
私たちは、視野の中心に提示された図形(図)とその周辺に提示された画像(地)のテクスチャが同じときは図と地を分離できないが、異なるときは図を地から切り離して認識することができる。このゲシュタルト心理学で知られる「図地分離」の問題を神経活動から説明することが本研究の目的である。ヒトやサル、ネコの大脳視覚野には神経細胞のもつ方位選択性に基づいた規則的な構造が存在するのに対し、マウスなどのげっ歯類動物ではsalt & pepperと呼ばれる不規則な構造を呈している。本研究では、ネコで観れる規則的な構造とげっ歯類動物の不規則な構造を数理モデルで再現し、図と地の分離に関連する神経細胞の応答の違いを調べた。
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