Geographical research on the relationship between fishery of indigenous people (Mapuche) and fishery policy in Chile

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K13447
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 04020:Human geography-related
• Research Institution: Miyagi University of Education (2023); Rissho University (2019-2022)
• Principal Investigator: Yokoyama Takafumi 宮城教育大学, 教育学部, 准教授 (70710151)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 沿岸漁業 / 先住民 / 政策 / 養殖業 / チリ

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Field surveys were conducted in 2019 and 2023. During the field survey, we were able to interview a variety of stakeholders, including both indigenous and non-indigenous coastal fishermen, NGOs and university researchers. These results show that ECMPO, which means exclusive sea surface use areas for indigenous peoples, which came into effect in 2008, has the effect of institutionally guaranteeing indigenous peoples' customary sea surface use and strengthening collective action of indigenous peoples. On the other hand, it was found that not only are indigenous people geographically diverse, but indigenous people within a community are also diverse in terms of personal attributes and political positions. In the future, it is hoped that research will focus on such geographic and social attributes.

Free Research Field

人文地理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の意義は、南米チリという国における沿岸漁業のガバナンスをめぐる実態について事例蓄積ができたことである。チリと日本は経済的には養殖サーモンやウニ、ワインや果実の輸入でつながりがあるものの、そうした経済活動の影におかれてしまう先住民の存在については日本ではあまり知られていないのが現状である。特に近年、チリではサーモン養殖がより未開発の南部に立地移転している現状があり、それに伴って新たな先住民と産業的漁業とのコンフリクトも発生している。また、チリ国内でも先住民に関する知見は十分に共有されているとは言えない実態もあり、チリの先住民問題の一端に光を照射できたことは国際的にも意義のあることである。