An Empirical Study on a Migration of Young Highly Skilled in Asia and on Promoting or Inhibiting Factors of Entering to Labor Market

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K13926
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 08010:Sociology-related
• Research Institution: Suzuka University (2023); Nagoya Sangyo University (2019-2022)
• Principal Investigator: MATSUSHITA NAMIKO 鈴鹿大学, 国際地域学部, 教授 (00743642)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 高度人材 / 国際労働移動 / 外国人労働者 / 東アジア

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we investigated the factors that promote and inhibit the movement and labor market entry of young, highly-skilled in East Asia, particularly in South Korea and China. As a result, it became clear that the Japanese employment system, and in particular the system for hiring new graduates, is a barrier to entry into the Japanese labor market. The academic system of graduating in March and joining a company in April creates a time lag of at least six months and up to a year and a half between receiving a job offer and joining the company. Many Chinese students were seen to be declining employment at Japanese companies due to this period of inactivity. In South Korea, there is a government support system for working in Japan, so entry was easier than in China.
The larger the company, the more likely it was that Japanese language skills would be required beyond the student's major at university.

Free Research Field

国際労働移動

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

日本へ移動する高度人材の多くは高等教育機関修了直後の若年人材が大多数であり、かつ日本の近隣諸国からの移動が圧倒的である。この現象はアジア域内のローカルな国際移動として捉えるのがより適切であることを明らかにした。
日本、中国、韓国では大学、大学院へ進学する若年層の絶対数あるいは比率が増加している。しかし、高等教育機関卒業後の人材を吸収できるだけの労働需要がない場合、需給バランスが崩れ社会問題となっている。高度人材を受け入れたい日本政府、多様な背景や能力を有する人材を採用したい日本のグローバル企業、日本就労を希望する高度若年人材の三者のトライアングルミスマッチが発生していることを明らかにした。