A Cross-Sectional Study on the History of Postwar Welfare Policies for Persons with Disabilities

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K13938
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 08020:Social welfare-related
• Research Institution: Doshisha University (2020-2022); Oita University (2019)
• Principal Investigator: Hirono Shunsuke 同志社大学, 社会学部, 准教授 (60626232)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 障害者政策 / 排除 / 包摂 / 普遍 / 特殊

Outline of Final Research Achievements

This study attempted to analyze the factors of change common to the various disability policies there, while clarifying individual histories, such as the history of the passage of the Welfare Law for the Mentally Retarded in 1960 and the history of the right of access movement by the physically disabled in the 1970s. For example, as typified by the Welfare Law for the Mentally Retarded, Japanese disability policy has been a constant movement of exclusion and inclusion. In addition, the right of access movement by people with physical disabilities was shown to be an expression of needs that cannot be covered by economic independence-centered or residential facility-centered policies.

Free Research Field

障害者福祉

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究の学術的・社会的意義の第1は、障害者福祉政策はともすると社会福祉士の国家試験の対策のように、年号の暗記と考えられがちな点を是正することにある。この傾向は、知識を細切れにしてしまうだけでなく、法の成立そのものを時代の区切りと考えてしまう傾向をもたらす。本研究では、政策を「排除と包摂」、「特殊と普遍」といったキーワードでとらえ返すことで、障害種別や単に立法を時代の変わり目と見る単純な発想から解放される第一歩となることである。