2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Elucidation of the type 2 immune system in teleost fish
| Project/Area Number |
19K15913
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 40040:Aquatic life science-related
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| Research Institution | Nihon University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 魚類2型免疫 / サイトカイン / 抗原特異性 / GFPクローン魚 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Elucidation of the mechanism of type 2 immune response, which is the main biological defense mechanism against parasitic diseases of fish, will lead to the development of preventive methods against those diseases. In this study, we identified and characterized molecules related to the type 2 immune system in fish, and revealed that IL-5fam, which is unique to fish, is a cytokine regulating the production of eosinophil/ basophil/mast cell (EBM)-type granulocytes in carp. Furthermore, we have developed analysis systems which can measure the fish type 2 immune responses. Namely, we developed a culture system that can reproduce antigen-specific B cell proliferation, and produced an EF1α:GFP ginbuna crucial carp strain that enables to analyze lymphocyte dynamics in vivo in cell transfer experiments.
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| Free Research Field |
魚類免疫学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
魚類の免疫機構は哺乳類のそれと類似しているものの、分子・細胞レベルでは異なる点が多い。本研究では、魚類特有のIL-5famサイトカインがEBM型顆粒球の造血因子であることを明らかにした。本分子は哺乳類の好酸球などの産生に重要なIL-3/IL-5/GM-CSFファミリーの関連分子と考えられ、脊椎動物の免疫機構の普遍性と多様性の理解に重要な因子であることが示された。また、魚類の2型免疫応答時における細胞の性状や動態を解析可能な新規実験系を開発した。これらのことは、魚類免疫機構をさらに理解するための重要な研究ツールとなり、今後の魚病の制御法の開発に大きく貢献することが期待できる。
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