2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Development of optogenetic tools based on the comprehensive and structural analysis of microbial rhodopsins
Project/Area Number |
19K16090
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Basic Section 43040:Biophysics-related
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Research Institution | Okayama University |
Principal Investigator |
Keiichi Kojima 岡山大学, 医歯薬学総合研究科, 助教 (60819267)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
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Keywords | ロドプシン / 光操作 / オプトジェネティクス / 光受容タンパク質 / レチナール / 分子改変 / 生物物理 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Microbial rhodopsin is a family of photoreceptive seven-transmembrane proteins. They have been widely discovered in the three biological domains and show various light-dependent functions, such as ion transporters and light-sensors. Recently, microbial rhodopsins are utilized as central tools in optogenetics that can control the biological functions by light in cells and animals. In this research, we analyzed the structural and functional properties of new microbial rhodopsins and modified them by introducing mutations to understand their functional mechanisms. Based on the molecular analysis, we further developed new optogenetics methods to control several kinds of biological functions.
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Free Research Field |
生物物理学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
近年、ロドプシンは、光で生物個体や細胞の機能を制御する技術・オプトジェネティクス(光遺伝学)のツールとして注目されている。本研究では、オプトジェネティクスの技術基盤を拡大すべく、新たなロドプシン分子の同定と人工分子の開発(例:内向きプロトンポンプ、アニオンチャネル)に成功した。さらに、新しいオプトジェネティクス(例:高感度かつ低毒性な神経抑制、細胞運命の制御)の実証にも成功した。本研究で発見・開発した技術基盤により、様々な生命機能の光操作が可能となり、それら生命機能の分子メカニズムの理解が進むと期待できる。
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