2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Comprehensive investigation of molecular and neural mechanisms controlling experience-dependent behavior.
Project/Area Number |
19K16286
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Basic Section 46030:Function of nervous system-related
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Research Institution | Nippon Medical School (2022) The University of Tokyo (2019-2021) |
Principal Investigator |
Hirofumi Sato 日本医科大学, 医学部, 助教 (40779435)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
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Keywords | 感覚受容 / 記憶 / 塩走性 / ナビゲーション / 線虫 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In this research project, we first showed that sensory neurons always show excitation in response to a decrease in salt concentration regardless of the salt concentration experienced in the past, while the primary interneurons and downstream neurons show a reversal in response to changes in salt concentration in a concentration-dependent manner. We found that glutamate release from sensory nerves and two types of glutamate receptors, excitatory and inhibitory, in interneurons contribute to this mechanism. Furthermore, we investigated the contribution of various molecules and receptors in neurons to experience-dependent changes in behavior and neural activity using mutants and forced-expression strains, including those in higher animals.
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Free Research Field |
生化学・分子生物学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
餌と周囲の環境情報との連合学習は、動物に普遍的な学習機構ではあるが、その仕組みについては不明な点が多かった。本研究課題は線虫C. elegansという単純な神経系を持つ生物をモデル生物として用いることで、動物が過去に経験した状況に応じて刺激に対する行動を逆転させる機構を分子レベルで明らかにした。線虫の神経系はヒトをはじめ高等動物の神経系と比べて極めて単純ではあるものの、神経細胞の機能やそれを担う分子については共通するものが多い。そのため本研究課題によって得られた成果は普遍的な学習機構の解明に寄与することが期待される。
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