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2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Identification of novel neoantigen candidates in cancers by full-length cDNA sequencing using a long read sequencer

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K16792
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Basic Section 50020:Tumor diagnostics and therapeutics-related
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Suzuki Ayako  東京大学, 大学院新領域創成科学研究科, 特任准教授 (00770348)

Project Period (FY) 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
Keywordsロングリードシークエンス / 全長cDNAシークエンス / 肺がん / ネオ抗原
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we conducted full-length cDNA sequencing of lung cancers using a long read sequencer MinION to identify aberrant transcript variants and potential neoantigen candidates. We first constructed a catalogue of full-length cDNA sequences from lung cancer cell lines and non-small cell lung cancer clinical samples and identified aberrant splicing variants, such as exon skipping, intron retention and their combinations. We also evaluated whether nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) and RNA splicing factors affected accumulation of aberrant transcripts and found that UPF1 and SF3B1 knockdown resulted in increasing aberrant splicing patterns in A549 cells. We next estimated HLA binding affinity and antigenicity of peptides which were predicted from the detected aberrant splicing variants using NetMHCpan and experimental assays, such as ELISpot. The results indicate that precise identification of full-length mRNA sequences are important for detection of neoantigens.

Free Research Field

がんゲノム科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、ロングリードシークエンス技術を用いて、がん細胞における転写産物の全長構造を明らかにしており、さらに異常mRNAから産生されるネオ抗原候補を検出する手法を構築している。これまで正しく評価ができていなかったフレームシフト変異や異常スプライシングパターンに由来するネオ抗原候補を新たに検出することができる、新規ゲノム解析技術を駆使した手法を構築している面から、ゲノムおよび腫瘍診断分野における学術的意義は大きいと考えている。また、TMBに加えて免疫チェックポイント阻害療法に対する新たなマーカー候補を提案することができており、社会的意義も十分にあると考えている。

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Published: 2022-01-27  

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