Novel Combination Immunotherapy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Targeting Poliovirus Receptor

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K16837
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 50020:Tumor diagnostics and therapeutics-related
• Research Institution: Kyushu University
• Principal Investigator: TAKADA Kazuki 九州大学, 医学研究院, 共同研究員 (50806495)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 非小細胞肺癌 / 免疫療法 / 予後因子

Outline of Final Research Achievements

In 264 squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, high CD155 expression was associated with poor prognosis in both recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) (p=0.0164, p=0.0023). In 363 lung adenocarcinoma of the lung, high CD155 expression was associated with poor prognosis for RFS (p=0.0188) and no significant difference for OS (p=0.0531). In EGFR mutant patients, there was no prognostic difference by CD155 expression, but in EGFR wild-type patients, high CD155 expression was associated with poor prognosis (RFS p=0.0253, OS p=0.0225).
In squamous cell carcinoma of the lung and EGFR wild-type lung adenocarcinoma, high CD155 expression was associated with poor prognosis, suggesting that CD155 expression may be involved in tumor cell growth.

Free Research Field

呼吸器外科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)において、薬剤耐性化克服や治療効果増強を目的に、既存の免疫チェックポイント阻害薬と新規薬剤との併用療法が多く検討されている。CD155はPD-L1同様に腫瘍細胞に発現し、免疫療法の標的として注目されている。本研究から、NSCLCにおいてCD155発現はPD-L1発現と関連があり、肺扁平上皮癌及びEGFR野生型肺腺癌においてCD155高発現は予後不良因子であった。以上から、肺扁平上皮癌及びEGFR野生型肺腺癌において、PD-1/PD-L1及びCD155/TIGITシグナル同時阻害の有効性を検証する価値があると思われ、新規複合免疫療法開発に向けた足がかりになると考える。