2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Therapeutic efficacy prediction based on DNA methylation, and elucidation of molecular mechanism in HNSCC oncogenesis
| Project/Area Number |
19K18722
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Basic Section 56050:Otorhinolaryngology-related
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| Research Institution | Chiba University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 頭頸部癌 / エピゲノム / 治療効果予測 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The purpose of this study was to establish predictive markers for radiotherapy efficacy by utilizing gene methylation analysis technology in the treatment system for mesopharyngeal cancer.
Using 75 biopsy specimens of nasopharyngeal carcinoma prior to radical radiotherapy, the results of comprehensive methylation analysis using the Infinium 450K showed that there is a correlation between treatment efficacy and gene methylation, and that it is possible to predict radiotherapy efficacy using a panel of markers established from the results of this analysis. The final prediction performance of the treatment effect after verification of methylation status by pyrosequence and refinement of marker genes was high, with a 94% positive diagnosis rate and an AUC value of 0.98. The results of prognostic analysis also verified the prediction performance of the treatment effect.
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| Free Research Field |
頭頸部癌、レギュラトリーサイエンス
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
頭頸部癌は他の癌腫と同様に治療成績は不十分であることに加え、治療による体へのダメージが大きいことから、個々の患者のがんの特徴に合わせた治療の選択が求められている。これまで、治療選択のために有用な指標がなかったものの、今回の研究によりがんの遺伝子に付けられた化学修飾（メチル化）がその糸口になることを解明した。8つの遺伝子メチル化マーカーを用いてこれまでに治療が行われた患者のがん組織を解析しなおしたところ、このマーカーにより高い治療効果予測ができることが明らかとなった。今後実際の医療現場での使用に向けて期待の持てる結果であり、さらなる開発研究が求められる。
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