Elucidation of the pathophysiology of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis focused on nasal NO and its application to new treatments

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K18801
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 56050:Otorhinolaryngology-related
• Research Institution: University of Fukui
• Principal Investigator: Yoshida Kanako 福井大学, 学術研究院医学系部門(附属病院部), 医員 (00773706)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 好酸球性副鼻腔炎 / 鼻腔一酸化窒素(NO) / 鼻茸 / LRP-1 / 内臓脂肪

Outline of Final Research Achievements

To elucidate the mechanism of NO production in the sinonasal mucosa and the mechanism of nasal NO involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis, this study focused on two NO production pathways. (1) In the LRP-1 (Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1) cell membrane receptor-mediated pathway; we investigated the relationship between LRP-1 expression localization in the nasal mucosa and NO production. As a result, we found that low LRP-1 expression may be involved in the pathophysiology of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and low nasal NO production. (2) In the adipocytokine-mediated pathway produced by visceral adipose tissue；we found that the visceral fat area may be involved in the pathophysiology of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and NO production.

Free Research Field

鼻・副鼻腔疾患

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究により、鼻腔NOの低値が好酸球性副鼻腔炎の病態形成に関与することがわかった。そして、LRP-1発現が低値であること、内臓脂肪面積が高値であることが、鼻腔NO低値に関与し、鼻腔NO産生にはLRP-1の発現、内臓脂肪が関与する可能性が示唆された。
鼻・副鼻腔におけるNO産生メカニズムと好酸球性副鼻腔炎の病態形成への関与機序を解明できれば、鼻腔NOを好酸球性副鼻腔炎のバイオマーカーとして確立できると考える。また、鼻副鼻腔においてNOを誘導することが新規治療につながる可能性があると考える。