Possibility of drug therapy for alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis with occlusal trauma

2022 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K19006
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 57030:Conservative dentistry-related
• Research Institution: Meikai University
• Principal Investigator: SUZUKI Takafumi 明海大学, 歯学部, 助教 (60638518)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2023-03-31
• Keywords: 歯周病 / メカニカルストレス / 骨芽細胞 / カルシウムイオンチャネル / 歯槽骨吸収

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Excessive occlusal force with periodontitis results in rapid alveolar bone resorption. However, the molecular mechanism has yet not to be completely elucidated. This study focused on TRPV4, which is a mechanosensitive ion channel expressed on osteoblasts.To investigate the involvement of P.g-LPS and mechanical stress on TRPV4 and RANKL expression, osteoblasts from mouse calvariae were cultured with P.g-LPS. Then, mechanical stress was applied to the
cells. In cells with P.g-LPS, there was no significant change in the TRPV4 mRNA expression level, whereas the RANKL mRNA expression was significantly increased by additional application of mechanical stress. Subsequently, TRPV4 function was inhibited by the addition of the antagonist or by knockdown via Piezo1 siRNA transfection. After loading, the increase in the RANKL expression was suppressed. These results suggest that TRPV4 is involved in the mechanical stress-induced increase of RANKL expression with P.g-LPS.

Free Research Field

歯周病学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

炎症とメカニカルストレスによって生じる歯槽骨吸収にカルシウムイオンチャネルTRPV4が関与している可能性が示唆される結果を得た．歯周病の進行には歯周病原細菌がもたらす炎症と外傷性咬合によるメカニカルストレスの両者の関与が明らかであるが，ブラッシングなどの炎症のコントロール方法はある程度確立されている一方で，咬合調整などの咬合のコントロールについてはエビデンスが不足しているのが現状である．今回得られた結果により，将来メカニカルストレスによる歯槽骨吸収が薬物療法によりコントロール可能になれば，歯周病罹患率の低下をもたらし，QOLの向上に寄与することができるものと考えられる。