New Bone regeneration using exosomes derived from stem cells stimulated in hypoxia

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K19050
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 57040:Regenerative dentistry and dental engineering-related
• Research Institution: Nagoya University
• Principal Investigator: Sakaguchi Kohei 名古屋大学, 医学部附属病院, 助教 (70801455)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2024-03-31
• Keywords: 骨再生 / 間葉系幹細胞 / サイトカイン / 細胞外小胞 / エクソソーム / 低酸素

Outline of Final Research Achievements

It has been revealed that hypoxic stimulation alters the quantity and characteristics of exosomes secreted by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Exosomes collected under hypoxic conditions significantly promoted the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of endogenous stem cells, as well as exhibited strong angiogenic effects. Furthermore, it was suggested that these exosomes might enhance bone regeneration by inducing macrophages that contribute to anti-inflammatory and tissue healing processes. These exosomes contain many miRNAs, and it is possible that the active components are among them, prompting further identification and analysis.

Free Research Field

再生医療

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

エクソソーム研究がすすむ癌研究の領域では低酸素という過酷な環境で培養することで癌細胞が分泌する液性因子の性状が変化するといった報告がある。しかし、間葉系幹細胞が分泌するエクソソームに低酸素環境が与える影響を十分に検証した報告は未だない。幹細胞の高い再生能をひきだす低酸素条件が明らかになれば、現在複数の施設で行われている幹細胞移植の治療効果の水準を引き上げられる可能性がある。骨再生を促進させるエクソソーム中のmiRNAを同定できれば幹細胞による骨再生機序の一端が明らかとなり、将来の幹細胞移植に代わる普遍的な治療法、創薬へつながる可能性がある。