Development of exercise program considering the characteristics of skeletal muscle regulation by muscle-adipose tissue network

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K20026
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 59020:Sports sciences-related
• Research Institution: Kansai Medical University
• Principal Investigator: KUROSE Satoshi 関西医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (80825951)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-04-01 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: マイオスタチン / アディポネクチン / 骨格筋量 / 減量

Outline of Final Research Achievements

The body fat and skeletal muscle mass in patients with obesity were significantly higher than those of sarcopenia patients, but the percent of skeletal muscle was significantly lower. In addition, serum myostatin (MSTN) levels in patients with obesity was significantly lower, and there was no significant difference in serum adiponectin (APN) levels. The percent of appendicular lean mass, reactive hyperemia index, and serum irisin levels were independent factors for serum MSTN levels. The body weight loss program interventions showed a decrease in percent of body fat and an increase in those of lean mass, APN and MSTN, while the only independent factor predicting change in MSTN was change in APN. These results suggest that crosstalk between muscle and adipose tissue may regulate change in skeletal muscle mass.

Free Research Field

応用健康科学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

肥満患者は脂肪量や骨格筋量が多いが、サルコペニアに比べて体重あたりの骨格筋量が少ない。骨格筋量を負に制御するマイオスタチンは体重あたりの骨格筋量によって調整され、脂肪組織から主に分泌されるアディポネクチンの変化によって規定されていた。すなわち、単に骨格筋量の変化だけでなく、脂肪組織の変化にも影響を受ける可能性が示された。
一般的な運動処方は、骨格筋量の増加にはレジスタンストレーニング、体脂肪量の減少には有酸素運動であるが、アディポネクチンとマイオスタチンを定期的に評価し、運動処方の見直しを行う必要性が考えられた。これらの知見は、将来の最適な減量や介護予防プログラムの構築に貢献できる可能性がある。