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2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Empirical analysis of childcare policies and systems in Japan

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K20879
Project/Area Number (Other) 18H05677 (2018)
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund (2019)
Single-year Grants (2018)
Review Section 0107:Economics, business administration, and related fields
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

FUKAI Taiyo  東京大学, 大学院経済学研究科(経済学部), 特任研究員 (50828803)

Project Period (FY) 2018-08-24 – 2020-03-31
Keywords保育政策 / 政策評価 / 保育単価 / 女性の就業 / 集積分析
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we conducted an empirical analysis that focused on both the supply and demand side of childcare. Specifically, we evaluated the policy effects of the expansion of accredited childcare centers on women's employment and showed that the increase in childcare centers led to an improvement in the employment rate of women with children between 0 and 2 years old. We also estimated the elasticity of the number of childcare center capacity with respect to the amount of subsidy, using the current system in which the amount of subsidy for the operation of accredited childcare centers varies discontinuously with the capacity (size) of the child-care centers. Estimates indicate that accredited childcare capacity is elastic to subsidies and that changing the current subsidy setting could increase capacity without increasing costs.

Free Research Field

労働経済学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

保育所の整備と女性の就業に関しては多くの研究が蓄積されてきた。しかしながら、出産後のどの時期に保育所を利用できることが、女性の就業に重要な役割を果たすのかという視点では研究がされてこなかった。0~2歳の低年齢児を持つ女性の就業率が上がったことを示した結果は、出産前後の保育政策を考える上で重要な結果であると考える。
また、認可保育所の供給については、待機児童問題を解決するために新しく保育所を設置するだけではなく、供給側のインセンティブとなる運営費の補助金制度を変更させることで、コストを増やすことなく定員を増やすことができる可能性を示した本研究成果は社会的意義の大きいものであると考える。

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Published: 2021-02-19   Modified: 2022-01-27  

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