A Study on the Regional Disparities in Financial Transfer in the Cost of Supporting Children and Students

2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K20965
• Project/Area Number (Other): 18H05773 (2018)
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund (2019); Single-year Grants (2018)
• Review Section: :Education and related fields
• Research Institution: Toho Gakuen School of Music
• Principal Investigator: Eguchi Kazumi 桐朋学園大学, 音楽学部, 講師 (50820453)
• Project Period (FY): 2018-08-24 – 2020-03-31
• Keywords: 一般財源化 / 就学援助費 / 財政移転 / 地方分権 / 地域間格差

Outline of Final Research Achievements

It has been widely accepted that the generalization of financial resources will widen regional differences in administrative services due to differences in the financial strength of local governments.
In this study, we conducted a municipal survey on benefits for economically difficult children and students, and calculated and analyzed based on the results. As a result, regarding the results of this survey, it was not possible to clearly confirm the regional differences due to the difference in the fiscal capacity index. However, due to the influence of the method of calculating the local allocation tax grant, it was confirmed that there was a regional difference of about 10 times in the total allocation tax per child/student. In addition, it was pointed out that under the current system, local governments with a higher aid rate may be more disadvantageous in terms of financial security than the previous system.

Free Research Field

教育学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

一般財源化は自治体の財政力による施策実施の地域差を拡大させるとの議論が散見される。しかし、そもそも財政保障の算定方法が現状を的確に反映できずに不利益を被っている自治体があれば、財政力の多寡による地域差以前に議論すべき点があると考えた。そこで、一般財源化されている準要保護児童生徒就学援助費に焦点を当て、財政保障の状況を試算した。その結果、国の補助よりも交付税措置の方が援助率の高い自治体にとっては財政保障の面で不利になる可能性が指摘できた。