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2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Elucidation of a nucleation and growth mechanism of nanocrystals in magma that controls explosiveness of volcanic eruption

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K21048
Project/Area Number (Other) 18H05866 (2018)
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund (2019)
Single-year Grants (2018)
Review Section 0204:Astronomy, earth and planetary science, and related fields
Research InstitutionTohoku University

Principal Investigator

Mujin Mayumi  東北大学, 理学研究科, 助教 (60822004)

Project Period (FY) 2018-08-24 – 2020-03-31
Keywordsウルトラナノライト / ナノライト / マイクロライト / 石基 / マグマ / 核形成 / 結晶成長 / その場観察
Outline of Final Research Achievements

I have succeeded in a high-temperature (~1000℃) “in-situ observation” experiment of crystal nucleation and growth from a silicate melt. I could constrain the crystallization conditions of crystals smaller than 30nm with a very high number density (ultrananolite) and submicron to micrometer-scale crystals with a lower number density (nanolite/microlite). In addition, I found coalescence growth of metal particles (iron and platinum) larger than 100 nm via “oriented attachment”, which is one of the “non-classical” nucleation pathways observed in some aqueous solution systems in recent years.

Free Research Field

火山学・岩石学・鉱物学・結晶成長

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

天然の火山噴出物中には無数のナノ結晶(ウルトラナノライト)が晶出していることがあり、このナノ結晶がマグマの粘性を劇的に増加させ、噴火様式を支配している可能性が示唆されている。しかし、そのナノ結晶が単なる大きい結晶の小さい時なのかといった基本的な晶出条件すらわかっていない。本研究では高分解能の電子顕微鏡下で高温マグマの結晶化の“その場観察”に成功し、その晶出条件を制約できた。この成果は噴火のメカニズムの解明と結晶成長機構の解明に繋がる。

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Published: 2021-02-19  

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