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2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Study on novel polination syndrome in angiosperm

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19K21198
Project/Area Number (Other) 18H06075 (2018)
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Research Activity Start-up

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund (2019)
Single-year Grants (2018)
Review Section 0703:Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Mochizuki Ko  東京大学, 大学院理学系研究科(理学部), 助教 (80822775)

Project Period (FY) 2018-08-24 – 2020-03-31
Keywords送粉シンドローム / キノコバエ / 花香 / 系統樹 / 収斂
Outline of Final Research Achievements

In this study, we hypothesized that the characteristic flower trait: dark red colored flat flowers, shared by multiple plants that are pollinated by fungus gnats, might be a novel pollination syndrome. Using the genus Euonymus as a model in which at least three species are pollinated by fungus gnats, it was examined whether flower traits would evolve with the acquisition of fungus gnat pollination.
I have clarified pollinators, flower traits, and flower odors of a total 12 species distributed in Japan and overseas. Analysis using a molecular phylogenetic tree containing these species revealed that there was a strong correlation between the fungus gnat pollination and set of floral traits. This study is an important example of not only the discovery of a new pollination syndrome, but also showing a clear relationship between the odor, flower morphology, and color and pollinators.

Free Research Field

送粉生態学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

キノコバエは双翅目昆虫・ハエの一群であり、体長5mmほどと送粉者としては微小な昆虫であるものの、12科を超える植物がキノコバエに送粉される。チャルメルソウ属では、口吻の長いキノコバエに送粉される植物は筒状の花をもつことが示唆されていた。
本研究は、形態だけでなく、花の匂い、色と送粉者の関係性を示すことで、キノコバエが被子植物の花に特徴的進化をもたらす重要なグループであることを示した。ハナバチ媒やチョウ媒などこれまで長く知られてきた送粉シンドロームには新しいグループが存在すること、微小な送粉者に対してすらそれが起きることを示した本研究は、送粉生態学において大きなインパクトをもっている。

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Published: 2021-02-19  

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