2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Mining unknown bacterial phylum based on the distribution of cytochrome oxidase
Project/Area Number |
19K22293
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 38:Agricultural chemistry and related fields
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Research Institution | Nihon University |
Principal Investigator |
UEDA Kenji 日本大学, 生物資源科学部, 教授 (00277401)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
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Keywords | グラム陽性細菌 / Firmicutes門 / 新門 / シトクロムオキシダーゼ / 微生物探索 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Currently, there are four bacteria retaining cytochrome oxidase (Cco), the enzyme involved in aerobic respiration, in the phylum Firmicutes. Probably, these bacteria affiliates with a phylum diverged from Firmicutes whose feature has not yet elucidated due to the lack of information regarding the bacteria affiliating to the taxon. This study was carried out to clarify the presence of the hitherto unidentified phylum. Based on the hypothesis that a bacterium that has been identified under the name Caldinitratiruptor microaerophilus affiliates the unknown taxon, the bacterium was studied for its respiratory enzymes and shown for the occurrence CcO activity. DGGE and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analyses demonstrated that bacteria expected for its affiliation with the unknown taxon are cultured from marine samples including oyster shells.
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Free Research Field |
応用微生物学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
微生物はその多くが未だ分離培養されていないことは、今では定説として広く知られている。しかし、そうした菌群が何故培養できないのか、また既知の菌とどのように異なる性質を示すのかなどについての知見は得られていない。本研究で対象とする菌群はまさにそうした菌の一部に相当し、それらの生態ならびに分類的特性を明らかにすることは、生物多様性に関する理解を大いに深めることにつながる。さらに、酸素を利用した呼吸が進化の過程でどのようにして生物界に広まったかに関するこれまでに無い知見をもたらすことから、生物進化のミッシングリンクを紐解く鍵になると期待される。
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