2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Host adaptation and niche expansion of pathogenic bacteria: a new approach of microbial ecology based on molecular evolution of colonization factors
| Project/Area Number |
19K22459
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 45:Biology at organismal to population levels and anthropology, and related fields
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| Research Institution | Osaka City University (2020-2021)
Nagasaki University (2019) |
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Principal Investigator |
WADA Takayuki 大阪市立大学, 大学院生活科学研究科, 教授 (70332450)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
西川 禎一 帝塚山学院大学, 人間科学部, 特任教授 (60183539)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2019-06-28 – 2022-03-31
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| Keywords | 腸内細菌 / 宿主適応 / 定着因子 / 分子進化 / 細菌ゲノム |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In bacterial infection, colonization factors (CFs) on the surface of the bacteria need to recognize and adhere to host cells. Thus, the evolution of CFs can be regarded as a survival strategy for bacteria that spread infection over different hosts. In this project, we focused on a CF (κ-class CU) that is considered to have a high potential to switch the host range. We analyzed the sequence data of the genes of Esherichia coli strains isolated from various resources, established a detection system for the CF homologues, and successfully identified novel CFs possessing human cell adhesion properties.
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| Free Research Field |
微生物学
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| Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
微生物が宿主に感染する時，第１段階としてその宿主細胞に接着する必要がある．本研究では宿主細胞に接着するための菌体成分（定着因子）に着目し，ヒトや家畜，その他動物から分離された大腸菌株の定着遺伝子を比較・検証し，その相関や接着性能，新しいヒト接着因子の発見に結びつけた．こうした結果は，未知の食中毒・感染症の原因究明に役立てられる基礎的データとなるとともに，様々な動物を宿主として広がる感染性微生物の生態を知る手がかりとして活用していくことができる．
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