2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Novel inhibitory roles of mast cells in the regulation of vascular permeability
Project/Area Number |
19K22634
|
Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
|
Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 54:Internal medicine of the bio-information integration and related fields
|
Research Institution | Chiba University |
Principal Investigator |
|
Project Period (FY) |
2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
|
Keywords | マスト細胞 / 線維芽細胞 / 血管内皮細胞 / 接触性皮膚炎 / 血管透過性 |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
Mast cell (MC) progenitors leave the bone marrow as immature cells and enter the blood circulation and migrate to various target tissues. Here, we found inhibitory receptor possessing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) is highly expressed in skin MCs and the inhibitory receptor expression is mediated by skin resident fibroblasts via PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathways. Furthermore, possible ligands of the inhibitory receptor are expressed on fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells in skin. Coculture with the inhibitory receptor-deficient MCs with fibroblasts induces higher levels of chymase, indicating the inhibitory roles of the inhibitory receptorin MC chymase dependent vascular permeability in skin. Indeed, the inhibitory receptor deficient mice showed enhanced ear swelling responses. These results suggest structural cell circuits tune skin MCs to control vascular permeability via induction of the inhibitory receptor for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis.
|
Free Research Field |
免疫学
|
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
皮膚マスト細胞に発現するペア型レセプターを介した線維芽細胞及び血管内皮細胞との相互作用は、マスト細胞のキマーゼの発現を制御していることが示され、ペア型レセプターが欠損すると皮膚炎が重症化することが明らかとなった。つまり、本研究から得られた新たなペア型レセプターの機能を標的とすることは、治療抵抗性の慢性特発性蕁麻疹、抗ヒスタミン薬抵抗性のコリン性蕁麻疹や接触性皮膚炎の新たな創薬起点となる応用性が期待される。さらに、他の組織で発症する炎症性疾患に対しても「血管透過性の抑制を介した新たな病態制御法」という革新的な治療戦略を打ちたてることができ、新視点からのヒト疾患治療の架け橋となる可能性を有する。
|