Inter-organ network between gastrointestine and skeletal muscle on the regulation of skeletal muscle mass and function

2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19K22825
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Medium-sized Section 59:Sports sciences, physical education, health sciences, and related fields
• Research Institution: Toyohashi Sozo University
• Principal Investigator: Goto Katsumasa (山下勝正) 豊橋創造大学, 保健医療学部, 教授 (70239961)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
• Keywords: 臓器間ネットワーク / 消化管ホルモン / 骨格筋 / 胃抑制性ペプチド

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Recent literatures suggest an interorgan communication network between skeletal muscle and gastric, since the receptor of GIP (GIPR) expresses in not only a gastrointestinal tract but also skeletal muscle cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) on myogenic differentiation, overload-associated hypertrophy, and unloading-associated atrophy of mouse skeletal muscle, and to elucidate a physiological role of oral diet, which stimulates the endocrine of GIP in the regulation of skeletal muscle function. GIP stimulates myogenic differentiation of C2C12 cells. Further GIP attenuates a slow-to-fast transition of myosin heavy chain phenotypes in unloading-associated muscle atrophy via upregulation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) c2. Evidences from this study suggest oral diet that stimulates the endocrine of GIP facilitates skeletal muscle hypertrophy.

Free Research Field

筋生理学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

食事により分泌されるGIPは消化吸収機能の制御に関与するのみと考えられてきたが、本研究により骨格筋量の調節においても役割を担っていることが明らかになった。経口の食事を摂るという行為自体が、GIPなどの消化管ホルモンを介して、健康寿命の延伸において重要な意味を持つという、経口の食事の新たな生理学的意義が示された。骨格筋萎縮対抗策の新たな標的になり得る食事に対するパラダイムシフトが必要であると考えている。