2020 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Bioenergetics of vascular endothelial mitochondria in response to blood flow stimuli
Project/Area Number |
19K22952
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Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)
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Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
Review Section |
Medium-sized Section 90:Biomedical engineering and related fields
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Research Institution | The University of Tokyo |
Principal Investigator |
Yamamoto Kimiko 東京大学, 大学院医学系研究科(医学部), 准教授 (00323618)
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Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
安藤 譲二 獨協医科大学, 医学部, 特任教授 (20159528)
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Project Period (FY) |
2019-06-28 – 2021-03-31
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Keywords | 血管内皮細胞 / ATP / ミトコンドリア / 流れせん断応力 / メカノトランスダクション |
Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The ability of cells and tissues to sense and respond to mechanical stimuli is crucial for their function and survival, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. In this study, we analyzed the molecular mechanisms by which vascular endothelial cells transmit information on flow shear stress caused by blood flow from a new perspective focusing on mitochondria. When cultured human pulmonary artery endothelial cells expressing a mitochondria-targeted ATP biosensor were subjected to shear stress, ATP was produced. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria significantly suppressed shear stress-dependent ATP production and endogenous ATP release, as well as the calcium response via the ATP-activated channel P2X4, indicating that mitochondrial bioenergetics plays an important role in the signaling mechanism of shear stress.
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Free Research Field |
医用生体工学
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Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements |
これまで、細胞が必要とするエネルギーを供給するオルガネラと考えられてきたミトコンドリアに、本研究成果から、力学的刺激をセンシングしてその情報をATPシグナリングとして細胞内へ伝達するという新しい機能の存在を示すことができた。血流センシング機構におけるミトコンドリアの役割を解明する本研究提案は循環系の恒常性の維持や血管病の発生機序の解明に直接繋がり、エネルギーの源であるATPの産生を司るミトコンドリアの作動機構を解明することは生命の動作原理に迫る意義を持つ。以上の研究成果はメカノバイオロジー研究に加えて、バイオエナジェティクス研究の新たな展開に貢献できると考える。
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