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2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Functional analysis of PEG10 in marsupial placenta formation

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 19KK0182
Research Category

Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (B))

Allocation TypeMulti-year Fund
Review Section Medium-sized Section 44:Biology at cellular to organismal levels, and related fields
Research InstitutionTokyo Medical and Dental University

Principal Investigator

Ishino Fumitoshi  東京医科歯科大学, 統合研究機構, 非常勤講師 (60159754)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 志浦 寛相  山梨大学, 大学院総合研究部, 助教 (10451907)
石野 知子  東海大学, 医学部, 客員教授 (20221757)
鈴木 俊介  信州大学, 学術研究院農学系, 准教授 (30431951)
北澤 萌恵  東京医科歯科大学, 難治疾患研究所, 助教 (40801965)
Project Period (FY) 2019-10-07 – 2024-03-31
Keywords哺乳類 / 胎生進化 / 有袋類 / 胎盤 / PEG10 / 獲得遺伝子 / レトロウイルス
Outline of Final Research Achievements

To elucidate the origin of the mammalian placenta, we analyzed the role of PEG10 in the marsupial placenta. PEG10 is a gene acquired from a retrovirus in the common ancestor of therians (marsupials and eutherians). PEG10 is a gene acquired from a retrovirus and is essential for early placentation in eutherians. Marsupials have a yolk sac placenta, and PEG10 was found to be more highly expressed in the endodermal cells than trophoblast cells of the placenta. Since marsupial endodermal cells are in the same position as eutherian trophoblast cells, this position may be important for the PEG10 function. In addition, we obtained good candidate cell lines for iTS cell establishment from marsupial iPS cells and are now analyzing the details. In vitro placental differentiation will be analyzed in the future.

Free Research Field

ゲノム科学、分子生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

申請者らは、胎盤形成に必須なPEG10はレトロウイルス由来であり、哺乳類の進化にウイルスが重要な役割を果たしたことを明らかにしている。今回、形態的に異なる有袋類胎盤で、PEG10がサイトケラチンとともに内胚葉細胞で発現することを明らかにし、真獣類と有袋類の胎盤進化の違いと共通性を見出すことができた。この哺乳類における胎盤の進化が、どのように起きたのか、それをゲノム科学、分子生物学的に明らかにする試みは、私たちヒトの起源の一部であり、これを明らかにすることの学術的および社会的意義は高い。

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Published: 2025-01-30  

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