Research on eliminating varietal differences in transformation efficiency

2023 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19KK0390
• Research Category: Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (A))
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Review Section: Basic Section 39010:Science in plant genetics and breeding-related
• Research Institution: University of Tsukuba
• Principal Investigator: Nonaka Satoko 筑波大学, 生命環境系, 助教 (50580825)
• Project Period (FY): 2020 – 2023
• Keywords: 形質転換効率 / 品種間差 / アグロバクテリウム / 再分化

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Using the melon cultivar 'Vedrantais'(VD), which has a stable transformation efficiency, and 'Piel de Sapo'(PS), which hardly produces transformants, we attempted to identify genetic factors related to the varietal difference in transformation efficiency. We determined the regeneration and transformation efficiencies of the two cultivars. Next, we investigated whether transformation was possible or not using a chromosome substitution line in which part of 'Piel de Sapo' was replaced with 'VD'. The transformation efficiency of PS was less than 0.1%, while that of 'VD' was about 2%. We found that transformation was possible with 'PS', in which chromosomes 4, 5, and 8 were replaced with 'VD'.

Free Research Field

遺伝育種

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

現在までに形質転換系の構築は、ともかくやってみながらホルモンの濃度を変えるなど微調整をするしかないという経験則によるのだった。本研究は形質転換効率の品種間差に関連する遺伝因子を明らかにするものであり、形質転換系の構築の際に遺伝的知見を活用することができるため、誰もが容易に色々な植物種で形質転換系を構築することができるようになる。その結果、ゲノム編集技術や形質転換技術が利用できる作物種が多くなる。このため、育種分野へ貢献することができる。