Developing crop genetic resources from a wild tomato cultivar fostering species-rich soil microbiota

2021 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 19KT0033
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 特設分野
• Research Field: Agricultural Resources for the Next Generation
• Research Institution: The University of Tokyo
• Principal Investigator: Hashimoto Masayoshi 東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 助教 (20615273)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 藤本 優 東京大学, 大学院農学生命科学研究科(農学部), 准教授 (60554475)
• Project Period (FY): 2019-07-17 – 2022-03-31
• Keywords: 土壌微生物 / トマト / 作物遺伝資源

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Soil microbiota, which consists of a wide variety of microbes, is crucial for agricultural productivity and stability. The interaction found between crops and soil microbiota is modulated by the symbiotic capacity of crops. However, there are several cases that modern breeding practices have decreased the symbiotic capacity of crops, resulting in poor soil microbiota. This study established a protocol to analyze the soil bacterial and fungal microbiota in the rhizosphere of wild and cultivated tomatoes, and compared the rhizosphere microbial community structures between cultivars. Ionome analysis of the tomato rhizosphere identified that some ions are differentially accumulated in the wild tomato. Although data analysis of rhizosphere microbiota is still ongoing, the results suggest that the tomato genetic difference has significant effect on the rhizosphere microbiota structure.

Free Research Field

植物微生物相互作用

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

本研究では、野生トマトと栽培トマトを材料に、作物の生産性をささせる根圏微生物叢の比較解析を行なった。詳細なデータ解析は未だ進行中だが、品種による違いが有意であることが示唆された。本研究の成果は、野生トマトと栽培トマトの違いに着目し、野生トマトが持つ共生能力を決める遺伝的要因を明らかにするための重要な情報となる。本研究の重要性は、本研究と同様に野生トマトを含めて複数のトマト品種間で根圏微生物叢の比較解析を行なった論文がいくつか発表されたことからも伺われる。今後、本研究の成果を投稿論文としてまとめる予定である。